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New agency, trust fund emerge as Lagos harmonises environmental laws

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The establishment of a new agency and a trust fund appears to be the fulcrum of what looks like a new, rubost environmental legislation being promoted by the Lagos State Government.

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The Lagos State House of Assembly in session

Hitherto, the state operated separate regulations on areas such as water, sanitation, waste water, medical waste, among others, but the new “Environmental Law of Lagos State”, if it eventually sees the light of the day, will provide an umbrella that encapsulates all existing rules, edicts and guidelines.

Lawmakers are on Thursday, February 9, 2017 convening a Public Hearing on the environment bill at the State House of Assembly in Alausa, Ikeja.

However, the proposed law, which aims “to provide for the Management, Protection and Sustainable Development of the Environment in Lagos State”, has established the Public Utilities Monitoring and Assurance Unit (PUMAU), making it the nineth agency under the supervision of the Ministry of the Environment.

Others include the Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency (LASEPA), Lagos Water Corporation (LWC), Lagos Waste Management Authority (LAWMA), Lagos State Signage and Advertisement Agency (LASAA), Lagos State Parks and Garden Agency (LASPARK), Lagos State Wastewater Management Office (LSWMO), Lagos State Environmental Sanitation Enforcement Agency (LSESEA) and Lagos State Water Regulatory Commission (LSWRC).

Besides coordinating the modalities of billing, revenue assurance, and enforcement of tariff, PUMAU, when operational, will take charge of the issuance of bills, collection of tariffs and disbursement of the funds to private operators.

The Unit will also consistently monitor and evaluate the billing and collection of tariffs in order to promote accountability and transparency.

While ensure that the method of billing and collection of tariffs are in line with international best practices, PUMAU is likewise expexted to provide support and training to personnel including private operators in the billing and collection of tariffs.

The Harmonised Environmental Law also establishes the Lagos State Environmental Trust Fund (or Trust Fund), which will be the depository of all monies received under the Law. These monies, it was gathered, will be managed by an independent trustee or a number of independent trustees.

The Law goes ahead to create the Lagos State Environmental Trust Fund Board of Trustees, a body corporate with perpetual succession and a common seal. The Trust Fund Board may sue and be sued in its corporate name; and may acquire, hold, manage and dispose of property for the purpose of discharging its functions under the Law.

The objectives of the Trust Fund are listed to include:

  • To promote the development and improvement of the state’s environmental performance and sustainability;
  • To create a system that can attract funds from persons, organisations and authorities in tackling environmental issues;
  • To provide assistance for action-oriented projects with tangible, measurable results, aimed at protecting, preserving and enhancing the state’s natural environment;
  • To promote community based recycling, waste re-use, and waste prevention projects;
  • To encourage the provision, maintenance, and improvement of public parks or other public amenity;
  • To fund the conservation or promotion of biological diversity through the provision, conservation, restoration or enhancement of a natural habitat or the maintenance or recovery of a species in its natural habitat;
  • To promote the innovative use of amenities to enhance, maintain or introduce real community led social, economic or environmental improvements;
  • To fund and promote the creation of job opportunities for the youth in waste management, and waste recycling;
  • To subsidise the waste collection and disposal cost of indigent households under this law;
  • To ensure that the environmental needs of all hitherto underserved areas of Lagos State are catered for;
  • To re-train local itinerant waste collectors on environmentally sustainable ways of collecting, reusing and recycling waste;
  • To promote research in both the public and the private sectors into environmental problems of any kind;
  • To promote environmental education and, in particular, to encourage the development of educational programmes in both the public and the private sectors that will increase public awareness of environmental issues of any kind;
  • To fund the acquisition of land for national parks and other categories of dedicated and reserved land for the national parks estate;
  • To fund the declaration of areas for marine parks and for related purposes;
  • To promote waste avoidance, resource recovery and waste management (including funding enforcement and regulation and local government programmes);
  • To fund environmental community groups on campaigns relating to waste reduction, management, reuse and recycle; and,
  • To fund the purchase of water entitlements for the purposes of increasing environmental flows for the state’s rivers and restoring or rehabilitating major wetlands.

Paris Agreement: ADB plans 2030 climate strategic framework

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In response to climate action commitments made under the COP 21 Paris Agreement by member countries, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) is developing a Climate Change Strategic Framework, which will spell out the organisation’s future direction regarding climate change from 2017 to 2030.

Takehiko-Nakao
ADB President, Takehiko Nakao

Additionally, the strategic framework will feed into its new corporate strategy toward 2030, which is currently under development. It will also outline how ADB will deliver on its $6 billion goal by 2020 and the anticipated growth in DMC demand for ADB support for climate action to 2030.

This is coming even as the ADB approved $3.7 billion in climate finance investments in 2016, according to recently released figures – marking a 42% boost from the $2.6 billion reached in 2015.

Estimates show that, in 2016, climate finance from ADB’s internal sources reached a record $2.65 billion for climate mitigation and $1.08 billion for climate adaptation.

“ADB is responding to the Paris Agreement by boosting its support to climate action in developing member countries in line with their Nationally Determined Contributions and the Sustainable Development Goals,” said ADB President Takehiko Nakao. “ADB remains committed to scaling up its climate financing to $6 billion by 2020, of which $4 billion will target mitigation and $2 billion adaptation.”

It is expected that ADB’s spending on climate change will increase to around 30% of its overall financing by 2020.

In addition to its own financing, ADB mobilised $701 million from external sources, with $595 million invested in mitigation and $106 million in adaptation. Including financing form external sources, ADB delivered over $4.4 billion in climate finance in 2016.

Among the adaptation projects backed by ADB is a $500 million loan to the Bihar New Ganga Bridge Project in India, which will construct a new road bridge across the Ganges River and an integrated road network in the state of Bihar. A bank-to-bank bridge design was recommended over the alternative of building two smaller bridges and a connecting expressway, which was deemed to be more vulnerable to flooding. $200 million of the project cost is considered as addressing climate adaptation.

Among the mitigation projects, a $47 million loan to the Distributed Commercial Solar Power Project in Thailand will help deploy a total of 100 megawatts of solar photovoltaic systems on commercial and industrial infrastructure at no up-front cost to the host companies.

ADB will continue to work with public and private sector partners to mobilise additional financing for climate projects. In December 2016, the Green Climate Fund announced its support to ADB’s proposed Pacific Islands Renewable Energy Investment Programme. This includes a $12 million grant to help the Cook Islands install energy storage systems and support private sector investment in renewable energy, as well as a $5 million grant to assist seven Pacific island countries to transition to renewable energy sources.

ADB, based in Manila, is dedicated to reducing poverty in Asia and the Pacific through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration. Established in 1966, ADB is celebrating 50 years of development partnership in the region. It is owned by 67 members – 48 from the region.

Nations urged to devise local strategies for effective natural resource governance

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African countries implementing the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) have been called upon to devise home-grown strategies to tackle transparency and accountability issues bearing in mind the unique and peculiar nature of the region.

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Minister of Mines and Steel Development, Dr. Kayode Fayemi, wants home-grown strategies devised to tackle transparency and accountability

Minister of Mines and Steel Development, Dr. Kayode Fayemi, made the call when he received a delegation from the Malawi Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (MWEITI) that came to understudy Nigeria’s implementation of the EITI.

The Malawian delegation visited the Minister in his capacity as the Chairman of the NEITI National Stakeholders’ Working Group, which is NEITI’s board.

Dr. Fayemi advised African countries to bring their traditional notions of accountability and values to interrogate existing institutional mechanisms and frameworks while entrenching the values that will stand the test of time and ultimately influence global initiatives like the EITI and make the initiative attractive for their citizens.

“One value we can add is to make the EITI relevant to our people and the government,” Dr. Fayemi stated. “We joined the initiative voluntarily. We need to have our own clarity of thoughts as to what we will like to see. Annual audits are fine by themselves, but we need to make the issue of transparency tangible for those who are ultimately the victims of lack of transparency especially in the extractive industries. How does what we do in NEITI for instance sit with the African mining vision that African Union Ministers have agreed for the extractive sector in Africa.”

He advised African countries implementing the EITI to use the initiative to help their respective governments by proposing alternatives and options that support reforms in their extractive industries. “Africa needs to deepen the engagements, institutionalise and internalise the EITI,” he added.

Executive Secretary of NEITI, Waziri Adio, advised the team on the need for Malawi to put in place a legal and regulatory framework in order to sustain and safeguard the implementation of the EITI and ensure that Malawians derive maximum benefit from their God-given wealth.

“Though Nigeria is a pioneer member of the EITI, there are things we want to do differently and so we see your visit also as a learning process for us,” Adio added. “The advocacy strategies that we have adopted make our engagement with stakeholders unique and have seen even those who do not want to partner with us, reach out to us of their own volition. The Legislature have also benefited from our reports. You need to work with all stakeholders taking into account their various sensitivities.”

At the Revenue Mobilisation Allocation and Fiscal Commission (RMFAC), the delegation was received by the Acting Chairman of the Commission, Alhaji Shettima Abba Gana, who commended the delegation for identifying Nigeria’s implementation of the global Initiative as worthy of emulation.

He noted the positive role that NEITI is playing in the on-going reform agenda of the government and advised the Malawian delegation to carefully take note of the unique strategies and policies that the agency has adopted towards achieving its objectives.

The Delegation also visited the Minister of State for Budget and National planning, Zainab Ahmed, who was the immediate past executive secretary of NEITI and a member of the Board of the global EITI representing Africa, the Mining cadastral office and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) where they held series of meetings with the officials.

Leader of the Malawian Delegation to Nigeria and Chairman of the MSG, Crispin Kulemeka, said they were in Nigeria to learn how the country recorded its successes and milestones in implementing the EITI.

Mr. Kulemeka said Nigeria is rated highly at the global EITI, adding that the lessons they are taking away will help strengthen Malawi’s EITI implementation and preparation towards releasing its first report which is due in April, 2017.

“We are fascinated at how NEITI has been able to focus people’s attention on issues and engage them on all sides of the spectrum. You made EITI relevant to the people, politicians, civil society, etc. We need to create a network of civil society between NEITI and MWEITI to enable us strengthen our processes,” Mr. Kulemeka added.

National Coordinator of MWEITI, George Harawa, commended NEITI’s relationship with all the stakeholders they interacted with.

According to Mr. Harawa, “NEITI is not a stand-alone entity. There is evidence of team work and command of knowledge.”

The team visited mining sites in Nigeria and met with members of the civil society, the media and miners association.

Malawi joined the global Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative in 2015 and is working towards getting a compliant status while Nigeria has been a founding member of the EITI since 2003, and has published seven cycles of oil & gas audits, five cycles of solid minerals audits and conducted one audit on Fiscal Allocation and Statutory Disbursements. Nigeria gained compliant status in 2011 and was adjudged the best implementing country in 2013.

‘Trump will not build Dakota Access Pipeline without a fight’

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The battle line appears drawn between U.S. President Donald Trump and environmental campaigners over the construction of an underground oil pipeline in the country, which Trump seems to be in support of, but opposed by some activists and Native Americans.

Dakota-Access-Pipeline
A section of the Dakota Access Pipeline under construction near the town of St. Anthony in Morton County, North Dakota

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers notified Congress on Tuesday, February 7, 2017, that it would allow the multi-billion-dollar Dakota Access pipeline to cross under a Missouri River reservoir in North Dakota, completing the four-state project to move North Dakota oil to Illinois. The Army intends to allow the crossing under Lake Oahe as early as Wednesday, February 8. The crossing is the final big chunk of work on the pipeline.

Indeed, within the next 24 hours, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is expected to grant the final easement for the Dakota Access Pipeline that would allow construction to proceed under the Missouri River in North Dakota, where the route of the pipeline begins in the Bakken shale oil fields.

The decision is coming after the Obama administration ordered the Army Corps to withhold the final easement last year, calling for a full environmental review of the project. But, shortly after taking office, Trump urged the Army Corps to scrap the environmental review process and approve the final permit, a development that has drawn the ire of the activists.

May Boeve, 350.org Executive Director, said: “Trump thinks he’s getting what he wants, but the people who’ve been emboldened by the worldwide fight against the Dakota Access pipeline won’t quietly back away. Indigenous leaders, landowners, and climate activists are ready challenge this decision in the courts and in the streets – as we have each time the fossil fuel industry steamrolls over human rights for their own profits. While the industry’s grip on our government tightens, so does our resolve to keep oil, coal, and gas in the ground and build the clean energy economy we need from the ground up.”

Tom Goldtooth, Executive Director of the Indigenous Environmental Network, disclosed: “Donald Trump will not build his Dakota Access Pipeline without a fight. The granting of an easement, without any environmental review or tribal consultation, is not the end of this fight – it is the new beginning. Expect mass resistance far beyond what Trump has seen so far.

“The granting of this easement goes against protocol, it goes against legal process, it disregards more than 100,000 comments already submitted as part of the not-yet-completed environmental review process – all for the sake of Donald Trump’s billionaire big oil cronies. And, it goes against the treaty rights of the entire Seven Councils Fires of the Sioux Nations.

“Donald Trump has not met with a single Native Nation since taking office. Our tribal nations and Indigenous grassroots peoples on the frontlines have had no input on this process. We support the Standing Rock Sioux tribe, and stand with them at this troubling time.”

Protesters have severally highlighted the potential for spills that could taint drinking water, an issue at the core of the Dakota Access pipeline protest. But the promoters insist that the pipeline is the safest and most environmentally sensitive way to transport crude oil from domestic wells to American consumers.

The pipeline has indeed been controversial regarding its necessity, and potential impact on the environment. A number of Native Americans in Iowa and the Dakotas have opposed the pipeline, including the Meskwaki and several Sioux tribal nations. In August 2016, ReZpect Our Water, a group organised on the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, brought a petition to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in Washington, D.C. and the tribe sued for an injunction. A protest at the pipeline site in North Dakota near the Standing Rock Indian Reservation drew international attention. Thousands of people have been protesting the pipeline construction, with confrontations between some groups of protesters and law enforcement, along with disputes over the facts.

The USACE approved the easement through Lake Oahe on February 7, 2017, allowing for the pipeline to be completed.

The $3.78 billion project was announced to the public on June 25, 2014 and informational hearings for landowners took place between August 2014 and January 2015.

Radio Report: Protesters kick against economic hardship

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Protesters, against the economic hardship in the country, on Monday marched on Funsho Williams Avenue in Lagos.

The peaceful protest, in respect of which one of the organisers and popular singer, Tuface Idibia, earlier announced had been shelved, took off from the National Stadium, Surulere.
 
Correspondent Innocent Onoh, who covered the protest, now reports.

How sustainable tourism can make world cleaner, greener

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Whether it is a chic, zero-emission hotel in Milan where toiletries are 99 per cent biodegradable, or Gaansbai in South Africa, where conservation of native flora and fauna is a community-wide priority, sustainable tourism is growing fast across the globe.

Taleb-Rifai
Taleb Rifai, Director-General, World Tourism Organisation

It is a tribute to the myriad entrepreneurs, companies, creative individuals and communities that the United Nations is marking 2017 as the International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development.

This means that, throughout 2017, activities and initiatives across the spectrum of those involved in tourism will celebrate its transformational power on our global efforts to create a world that is cleaner and greener, more equal and more inclusive.

It is a celebration for each and every one of us: those who work and have interest in the sector and its sustainability, and also those consumers who travel to discover, to experience, and to give something back in return.

Research shows that a rising number of travellers want to tread lightly. The modern tourist wants to give back to the countries and communities they visit and reduce their impact on the environment. The campaign “Travel.Enjoy.Respect” that is linked to the International Year aims at precisely underlining the role of the traveller in amplifying the potential of tourism while avoiding damage on the environment, traditions, culture, heritage and local communities.

But what are the options for the would-be green traveller? How much of an impact can one person have?

The answer is a lot.

This is because global tourism is really big business. According to the World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO), tourist spending swelled from only $2 billion in 1950 to $1.2 trillion in 2015. The number of international tourists has grown by orders of magnitude as well, from 25 million travelled in 1950 to 1.2 billion in 2015.

Domestic tourism is even bigger. It is estimated that between five and six billion people take holidays at home. In one way or another we are almost all tourists.

This is good news. Countless jobs have been created in the process, many for the poor.

It also means the potential in tourism going green is massive. But sustainable tourism still only represents a small fraction of the global industry.

Tourism generates an estimated five per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions. According to UN Environment, that proportion is higher –12.5 per cent–if factors such as energy use at hotels and transporting food and toiletries are included.

Other sobering figures include water use. A tourist in Europe will consume more water on holiday than at home. Those staying at luxury hotels use nearly three times as much as a result of the water used for swimming pools and golf courses.

Then there is waste generation at resorts or from cruise ships; overfishing on coral reefs to feed visitors; loss of animal and plant species linked with the construction and operation of resorts; and impacts on the culture of local people.

Industry growth shows no sign of slowing. By 2020 it is estimated that the number of global tourists will reach 1.6 billion. To reach the targets set by the Paris Agreement on climate change and the Sustainable Development Goals, we need a sea change in tourism.

This year, you, the consumer, can make a difference.

Whether you’re fleeing winter for a tropical beach or uncovering secrets in your own backyard, you can reduce your impact.

Getting started can be tricky. There can be hundreds of different sustainable tourism standards to choose from. The Global Sustainable Tourism Council has a reliable guide, and maintains recent sustainability criteria for hotels, destinations and tour operators.

Next, buy the guidebooks that give you the information you need on green options in the country, city, community and hotel you plan to visit. If guidebooks are encouraged to list more environmentally friendly options, you benefit from choice and green destinations benefit from exposure.

Then, find out more about where you choose to go. Ask questions of tour operators and destinations about how they manage water and waste. Do they source fruit, vegetables and meat locally and have clear and positive local employment policies? Are they drawing electricity from renewables? Decide where you spend your money based on these factors.

Flying to and from destinations is more problematic. While aircraft are becoming more efficient, air travel is still one of the most damaging modes of transportation to the climate per kilometre travelled.

Buying carbon offsets, which many airlines offer during the ticket purchase process, is the best way to reduce your impact if you have to fly. The UN Climate Convention’s Climate Neutral Now provides advice and helps ensure that offsetting generates real and positive benefits.

At your destination, you can support local artisans and manufacturers instead of buying mass-produced souvenirs. You can eat local. When you visit natural sights, you can ensure you leave no trace.

The International Year of Sustainable Tourism for Development asks you to consider the impact of your travel on sustainable economies, societies, environments and cultures, along with peace.

“Travel.Enjoy.Respect Campaign” outlines how you can carry out some of these actions while inviting you to share your own inspiring sustainable travel tales.

Such stories allow you to gain a personal insight into how real lives of people and communities around the globe have been shaped by sustainable tourism.

They are reminders that tourism is a power for good. It breaks down walls, brings cultures closer together and reminds us that we all share one incredible, beautiful planet.

You can use your holiday to make more than memories. With sustainable choices, you can help make our world cleaner and greener. And you can be a global ambassador for respect – respect for our planet, our culture and the communities that welcome us with open hearts.

By Taleb Rifai (Director-General, World Tourism Organisation), Erik Solheim (Executive Director, UN Environment Programme) and Patricia Espinosa (Executive Secretary, UN Framework Convention on Climate Change)

As UNESCO-IHE brings water journalists, researchers together

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For over 20 years, Ishraga Abbas has practiced professional journalism in Sudan – one of the most water-stressed countries on the earth, where she has had an ambiguous relationship with water researchers.

UNESCO-IHE
Dr. Emanuele Fantini, the Project Manager, Open Water Diplomacy Lab (middle), is flanked by officials from project partner organisations

She actually does not remember teaming up with any water researcher to work on a water story based on the researcher’s findings. In the answer to the obvious question – why hasn’t she been collaborating with water researchers? She says: “Some researchers shy away from journalists. They prefer communicating their findings to their fellow researchers only.”

This ambiguous relationship can perhaps even trace its roots back to journalists. Some journalists misrepresent the researchers’ facts; lack exposure to water issues or simply are not interested in covering the multifaceted water issues.

This subsequently manifests itself, as neglected coverage of water stories. But, a new project – Open Water Diplomacy Lab – has kicked off targeting bringing journalists, water scientists and researchers together.

Among others, Open Water Diplomacy Lab addresses the needs and demands of water journalists in terms of facilitated access to potential sources of information – getting scientific research on water communicated in an accessible and ready to use, meeting and working with water researchers and water diplomats – and opportunities to support and promote media coverage on water issues. The project focuses on the Nile basin and it is funded by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs “Global Partnership for water and development”.

“First, we are going to study how Nile issues are communicated in both mainstream and social media in Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt. Building on the research findings we will develop join training activities for journalists and scientists coming from the Nile countries. Finally, they will be pulled together to work at original projects to promoted shared narratives about the Nile, overcoming the mainstream national interest perspective,” explains Emanuele Fantini, Senior Researcher at UNESCO-IHE and project coordinator.

He was speaking at the kick-off workshop that had “Mapping Nile controversies: Media, science and water diplomacy” as its theme. It held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia in January 2017.

Now, journalists like Ishgara – who actually attended this workshop – say this project will boost the quality of water journalism in the Nile basin.

Likewise, Dagim Terefe, an Ethiopian journalist and documentary maker, states that Open Water Diplomacy Lab project will help to give birth to a generation of journalists that specifically concentrate on investigating River Nile issues.

Such journalists, as Dagim notes: “Will no longer write the story of the sharing of Nile waters with a nationalistic thinking as it is now but an informed broader context that caters for other countries where the Nile meanders.”

True. This is a responsibility journalists in the Nile basin cannot simply walk away from. It makes sense to believe that journalists have a crucial role to play in ending the Nile wars between countries that share this longest river on the planet.

Actually, Wondwosen Seide, a doctoral student at Lund University in Sweden, who has been researching on the River Nile issues for the last 10 years, believes that Nile wars are: “Mainly in the media landscape than on ground.”
According to Wondwosen, this project is: “Very crucial in bridging controversies and contradicting reporting among the riparian states.”

It is no surprise that this project will lead to a more responsive relationship between journalists and water researchers. And as Prof. Dr. Yacob Arsano of Addis Ababa University in Ethiopia argues, this project will bring journalists and researchers together to identify the real issues in the Nile discourse.

Against such a background, Open Water Diplomacy Lab will truly breed journalists that can help researchers and agencies working on the Nile to disseminate the story of the Nile.

Having story of the Nile in the media, as Dr. Wubalem Fekade, the head of the Social Development and Communication Unit at the Eastern Nile Technical Regional Office (ENTRO) of the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI) based in Addis Ababa contends, would: “Help decision and policy makers in the Nile basin to make very enlightened and bold decisions that contribute to sustainable management of the river.”

It is easy to understand that water is a strategic resource for livelihoods. This is the reason why Atta el-Battahani, a Professor of Political Science at the University of Khartoum, contends that: “It is important that we know about it so that we can manage it very well for the benefit of the people.”

By Fredrick Mugira

Trump voters support action on climate, clean energy

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U.S. President Donald Trump has questioned the reality of global warming and cast doubt on America’s participation in global efforts to address the problem. Using data from a recent survey titled: “Climate Change in the American Mind” and conducted after the election, the Centre for Climate Change Communication of the George Mason University in the U.S. assessed Trump voters’ views about global warming and clean energy.

George-Mason-Centre
More than six in 10 Trump voters support taxing and/or regulating the pollution that causes global warming

Overall, the Centre found that about half to a majority of Trump voters think global warming is happening and support a variety of climate and clean energy policies.

Key findings are listed to include:

  • About half of Trump voters (49%) think global warming is happening, while fewer than one in three (30%) think global warming is not happening.
  • About half of Trump voters (47%) also say the U.S. should participate in the international agreement to limit global warming. By contrast, only 28% say the U.S. should not participate.
  • More than six in 10 Trump voters (62%) support taxing and/or regulating the pollution that causes global warming, with nearly one in three (31%) supporting both approaches. In contrast, only about one in five (21%) support doing neither.
  • More than three in four Trump voters (77%) support generating renewable energy (solar and wind) on public land in the U.S. 72% support more drilling and mining of fossil fuels on public land in the U.S.
  • Seven in 10 Trump voters (71%) support funding more research into clean energy and providing tax rebates to people who purchase energy efficient vehicles and solar panels (69%).
  • Over half of Trump voters (52%) support eliminating all federal subsidies for the fossil fuel industry, nearly half (48%) support requiring fossil fuel companies to pay a carbon tax and using the money to reduce other taxes by an equal amount, and almost half (48%) support setting strict carbon dioxide emissions limits on existing coal-fired power plants to reduce global warming and improve public health, even if the cost of electricity to consumers and companies would likely increase.
  • Half of Trump voters say transitioning from fossil fuels toward clean energy will either improve economic growth (29%) or have no impact (21%).
  • Nearly three in four Trump voters (73%) say that, in the future, the U.S. should use more renewable energy (solar, wind, and geothermal). One in three (33%) say that the U.S. should use fossil fuels less in the future.

How 2017 will shape Australia, by Connor

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John Connor, CEO of the Climate Institute, believes that the New Year will determine political and economic directions as well as the national identity of Australia for some years to come. According to him, work under the Paris Agreement has sufficient support to continue without the US

John-Connor
John Connor, CEO of the Climate Institute

Just when you thought 2017 couldn’t get any wackier, it does, and it appears it will continue to do so for some time yet.

The Trumpian tornado is tearing through diplomatic niceties, domestic regulations and is likely to shortly sweep the US clear of the Paris Agreement, for now. Frankly, that may not be a bad thing as his impact would be a deeply disrupting at the table where most other nations appear to remain committed. Work under the Paris Agreement has sufficient support to continue without the US.

There’s no doubt that the election of President Donald Trump has had an impact here, emboldening conservative reactionaries. It was at least one of the reasons the government backflipped on being open to consider a broad range of policy solutions in the 2017 climate policy review. But this review, with its consideration of post-2030 targets, is still under way. Discourse around it will shape the public debate. A discussion paper is due out shortly.

With the Finkel review into the “future security” of the energy system also under way, 2017 remains a crucial year for engagement in the national policy debate. There’s no question it is frustrating to be back debating “clean” coal and seeing so many miss the remarkable technology and affordability transition of the last few years but we shouldn’t give up! Vacating the field merely leaves it to those who are reckless with our economic, social and environmental future – preferring to use climate policy as a proxy for short-term ideological and political gain.

The Climate Institute intends to remain in the thick of this debate. Over coming months, we will have important projects planned. These include those that will help Australia choose a different future than that preferred by conservative reactionaries, a future that recognises the reality that we have to build a modern, smart and clean society with net zero emissions, and below, in the next few decades.

 

Calling out Old King Coal and the costs of uncertainty
Old King Coal has reared its head again as the proponents of traditional coal-fired power stations make a desperate last grasp at relevance and taxpayer subsidies.

In responding to these efforts, some of which arose in the Prime Minister’s speech at the National Press Club, The Climate Institute and – remarkably, but sensibly – many energy businesses and industry groups, have stood firm. We, and they, have highlighted the fact that biggest problem for energy security, affordability and emissions reduction is the lack of integrated long-term climate and energy policies. To this end, we have been working with businesses, academics and investors on a project to cost the policy uncertainty, and believe this will have significant impact on the debate.

Meanwhile, energy generators and investors have said they are “not interested” in investing in these far from clean, coal-fired power plants. As our “business case against new coal” highlights, these still-too-dirty plants will require massive taxpayer subsidies and much higher electricity prices. In rational times, such a proposal would be laughed out of the court of political and investment opinion. But today it remains a serious consideration.

The Prime Minister (of Australia) was on the mark in endorsing storage initiatives that can support the inarguable intermittency issues of much of today’s renewables. This can form the basis of a longer term credible climate and energy plan. Rather than drawing battlelines on these policies, the government should be drawing up more plans like this, as well as an overarching climate and energy policy that can be backed by both major parties – one that has credibility.

The ALP is not in the clear. It does need to provide more detail on its plans for renewables and for an inclusive transition to a clean economy by 2050. We will engage with them to ensure these plans have credibility. It is important to acknowledge that Bill Shorten highlighted the climate costs of inaction in his address to the Press Club – but their policy development this year will also be critical.

 

Will scare campaigns overcome support for renewable energy and climate action?
Some political strategists and conservative political reactionaries clearly believe that scare campaigns, like those they had in the good old days of 2010 to 2012, are desirable or necessary.

We will continue our valuable, annual, attitudinal research – Climate of the Nation – to chart where Australians really stand on renewable energy and climate action. Our 2016 report showed support for such action continuing the recent rebound, reaching the highest levels since 2008. Comprehensive research such as this, which is now Australia’s longest tracking survey, will be vital during 2017 as parties finalise their policies and positioning ahead of a likely election in 2018 or early 2019.

 

Business, investor and regulators – finally integrating climate risk?
We are researching the better practices emerging in corporate Australia, and around the world, in relation to integrating climate risks with business planning for a world in transition to smarter, safer, clean economies. We are doing this in conjunction with our business Climate Partners, some of whom have begun the hard yakka of scenario planning, stress testing and more.  Whether it’s sufficient, and what is best practice, is under scrutiny!

In addition, we are working with our partners the Asset Owners Disclosure Project (AODP) on the sixth global index. The AODP began as a Climate Institute project and was recently listed, by the G20’s Financial Stability Board’s (FSB) Climate Risk Disclosure Task Force, among the top disclosure projects in the world. The FSB is a grouping of financial and prudential regulators of the G20. The task force initiative is a reflection of the deepening discourse and action among such regulators, investors and corporate directors on climate risk and the need to think beyond short-term political and financial cycles.

We were pleased that the Australian Institute of Company Directors recently published a report on climate change and good corporate governance from The Climate Institute and Climate Policy Research. I’ll be addressing their Governance Summit next month. A recent opinion from an eminent Senior Counsel, that company directors face individual liability on climate and transition risks, has motivated a few in the director community recently. It sits among a number of positive signs that indicate many in the business and investment sectors are finally beginning to see this as a risk management issue, rather than a political or culture war battlefield to steer clear of!

Finally, we are also doing important work with the community welfare sector – we’ve always believed the fast transition we need requires it to be a fair one. We’ll report about this work in the future.

2017 is a crucial year here in Australia. It will determine political and economic directions as well as our national identity for some years to come.

Developing nations need finance to green power sectors, says study

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Countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean urgently need financial support to green their power sectors and thereby implement their national climate action plans under the Paris Climate Change Agreement.

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Greening the power sector: Wind turbines. Photo credit: theenergycollective.com

This is a key finding of a survey conducted by the secretariat of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) on behalf of the Nairobi Framework Partnership (NFP), which looks at what is required so that countries can implement the “Nationally Determined Contributions” (NDCs) they have submitted. A total of 79 countries replied to the survey, which was carried out by the UNFCCC secretariat through its Regional Collaboration Centres (RCCs) in East Africa, West Africa, Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean.

The RCCs collected information from Designated National Authorities, the organisations granted responsibility by their respective country to authorise and approve participation in CDM projects. The number of countries involved in the survey represents 77% of the countries supported by RCCs in the Asia, Africa and LAC regions.

 

Reform of Power Sector Crucial to Achieving Paris Agreement Goals

The central goal of the Paris Agreement is to limit the global average temperature rise to as close as possible to 1.5 degrees Celsius. Transitioning the power sector to low carbon is crucial to meet this goal, as generating power using coal, gas and oil is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions which cause climate change.

The survey also found that whilst many countries are receiving some form of support to increase transparency (Measurement, Reporting and Verification) from international organisations, in most cases this support is not enough.

The survey clearly indicates that countries believe that making use of the UN’s Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)Standardised Baselines and Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) can help them to achieve their climate action commitments.

Under the CDM, projects in developing countries earn a saleable credit for each tonne of greenhouse gas they reduce or avoid, including through projects in the power sector. The incentive has led to the registration of more than 8,000 projects and programmes in 111 countries and the issuance of over1.7 billion CERs.

Survey participants said they believed the CDM to be a mechanism that has effectively driven private sector investment in the power sector in their countries.

Through NAMAs, developing countries can request concrete support climate action. Countries that are willing to support NAMA initiatives can enter the details of that support in a special registry run by the UNFCCC secretariat, thereby enabling developing countries in need of support to be matched with relevant offers.

 

Asian and African Countries Most in Need of Support

The Asian and African regions were found to be the ones requiring most urgent support for the development of carbon markets and economic instruments for mitigation action.

Latin America also indicated a high need; however the lower rating in comparison with the Asian and African countries could be due to the experience already developed in the country and their potential ability to move ahead without external support.

The Caribbean region, on the other hand, does not have vast experience in developing CDM pipelines and has limited potential for a generation of emission reductions. Therefore, this could be seen as a limitation to the future implementation of domestic carbon markets.

Finally, regional differences are also shown in terms of the level of support expected. For instance, the Latin America focus is on designing the strategies needed to achieve NDC objectives, whereas Africa and Caribbean regions are more interested in receiving technical and financial support for the implementation of specific measures to curb greenhouse gas emissions in priority sectors. The Asia-Pacific region considers that building resilience to climate change is a priority over curbing emissions.

 

About the Survey and the Nairobi Framework Partnership

The survey was carried out after partners of the Nairobi Framework Partnership, following the Paris Agreement, decided to embrace the new overarching purpose of maximising efficiency in the provision of support to developing countries in implementing their nationally determined contributions in the areas of climate finance, technology transfer and capacity-building for mitigation by creating enabling environments at national level, regulatory mechanisms and carbon markets, including the CDM.

The Nairobi Framework Partnership is comprised of UNFCCCUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP),World Bank (WB)African Development Bank (AfDB)United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)UNEP DTU PartnershipUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)International Emissions Trading Association (IETA) and Asian Development Bank (ADB).

Coordinating organisations are Latin American Energy Organisation (OLADE)Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)LEDS Global Partnership (LEDS) and Development Bank of Latin America (CAF).

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