Communities and climate justice movements across the continent have mobilised under the Kick Total Out of Africa Week of Action, highlighting the extensive harm allegedly caused by TotalEnergies’ fossil fuel projects in Africa.
From grassroots assemblies to public demonstrations, activists have drawn attention to the company’s supposedly devastating record and amplified a growing call for accountability and a just energy transition.
TotalEnergies
Communities have raised urgent concerns, including:
Forced displacement and militarisation linked to major fossil fuel projects such as the East African Crude Oil Pipeline (EACOP).
Widespread environmental degradation through oil spills, gas flaring, and ecosystem destruction.
Escalating health and livelihood crises in communities impacted by extractive operations.
The urgent need for reparations and investment in community-owned renewable energy solutions.
TotalEnergies’ Ongoing Pattern of Exploitation
“TotalEnergies has become synonymous with extractive exploitation in Africa, pursuing oil and gas projects that enrich shareholders while deepening poverty, inequality, and ecological collapse. The company’s relentless expansion, despite the climate crisis, exemplifies corporate greed that disregards human rights and the environment,” submitted activist group 350.org.
In a landmark decision last week, the South African High Court rejected TotalEnergies’ application for offshore drilling rights, recognising the significant risks to marine biodiversity, climate, and coastal livelihoods. The ruling, according to 350.org, underscores both the legitimacy of community resistance and the unsustainability of fossil fuel expansion.
The People’s Tribunal: A Platform for Justice
On Friday, August 22, 2025, African communities and civil society organisations will convene the People’s Tribunal against TotalEnergies, a public forum designed to hear testimonies, present evidence, and build the case against the company in the court of public opinion.
While symbolic, the Tribunal is seen as a powerful act of resistance, giving voice to those most affected and demanding justice, reparations, and an accelerated transition towards clean, community-controlled energy.
The Kaduna State Government on Thursday, August 21, 2025, commenced desilting of 200,000 metres of drainages to tackle flooding across the state.
Mr. Abubakar Buba, Commissioner for Environment and Natural Resources, stated this while flagging off “Dredging and expansion of River Kaduna and desilting of drainages” in Kaduna, the state capital.
Gov. Uba Sani of Kaduna State
Represented by Mrs. Linda Yakubu, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry, the commissioner said that the exercise, supported by the Agro-Climatic Resilience in Semi-Arid Landscapes (ACReSAL), would cover Kaduna, Zaria and Kafanchan.
“Last year we cleared 160,000 metres of drainages. This year, we increased it to 200,000 metres to expand coverage and protect more communities,” he said.
Buba explained that Sabon Tasha was chosen for the flag-off due to flash floods recorded in the area.
“Government has provided the drainages, but citizens must keep them free from refuse to allow water flow.
“Dumping refuse at median separators is an eyesore and exposes residents to disease outbreaks,” he added.
In her remarks, Mrs. Ikramat Umar, Assistant Chief, Disaster Reduction Unit, National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), said disaster management required collective responsibility.
“Government has shown commitment; residents must stop dumping waste into drainages,” she said.
Similarly, Mrs. Rahama Suleiman, Head of Environment, Climate and Energy, National Orientation Agency (NOA), commended the state government for the initiative.
“We are also sensitising communities across the state on the dangers of dumping refuse in waterways and the need to keep drainages clean,” she said.
On his part, Michael Augustin, Coordinator, Concerned Sabon Tasha Youth, pledged support for the exercise.
“We will work with the government taskforce to stop traders from turning road dividers into refuse dumps,” he said.
Africa has everything it takes to become a “renewable superpower”, UN head Antonio Guterres said on Thursday, August 21, 2025, as he called for greater investment in green energy across the resource-rich continent.
Guterres spoke at a three-day development conference in Japan attended by African leaders, where Tokyo is offering itself as an alternative to China as African nations reel from a debt crisis exacerbated by Western aid cuts, conflict and climate change.
Angolan President Joao Lourenco (L) greets UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres (R) during the 9th Tokyo International Conference on African Development in Japan. Photo credit: Franck ROBICHON / POOL/AFP
“We must mobilise finance and technology, so that Africa’s natural wealth benefits African people, we must build a thriving renewables and manufacturing base across the continent,” Guterres said at the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD).
“Green power in Africa lowers energy costs, diversifies supply chains and accelerates decarbonisation for everyone.”
China has invested heavily in Africa over the past decade, with its companies there signing deals worth hundreds of billions of dollars to finance shipping ports, railways, roads and other projects under Beijing’s Belt and Road global infrastructure initiative.
But new lending is drying up, and developing countries are grappling with a “tidal wave” of debt to both China and international private creditors, the Lowy Institute, an Australian think tank, said in May.
African countries have also seen Western aid slashed, in particular due to President Donald Trump’s dismantling of the US Agency for International Development (USAID).
Guterres warned in his speech in the Japanese port city of Yokohama that “debt must not drown development” and that Africa needed increased concessional finance and greater lending capacity from multilateral development banks.
He also urged greater investment in climate solutions.
“Africa has everything it takes to become a renewable superpower, from solar and wind to the critical minerals that power new technology,” he said.
Attendees at TICAD included Nigerian President Bola Tinubu, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa and Kenyan President William Ruto.
Ruto said on social media platform X that Kenya was in talks with Japanese automaker Toyota for the provision of 5,000 “e-mobility vehicles” as part of the country’s “commitment to clean energy”.
In his opening address at the forum on Wednesday, Japan’s Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba announced a plan to train 30,000 people in artificial intelligence in Africa over three years and to study the idea of a Japan-Africa Economic Partnership.
Before the meeting kicked off, Ishiba also announced a vision for a distribution network that links African and Indian Ocean nations.
Both Tinubu and Ramaphosa, speaking on X, said they wanted a shift from aid to investment partnerships.
The Beacon Youth Initiative (BYI), in partnership with Education as a Vaccine (EVA), has called for stronger collaboration with the Nasarawa State Ministry of Youth and Sports Development to promote climate justice.
The initiative’s Executive Director, Mr. Emmanuel-Envoh Okolo, announced this when he led the Climate Justice Clubs from three secondary schools on an advocacy visit to the ministry on Thursday, August 21, 2025, in Lafia, the state capital.
Abdullahi Audu Sule, Governor of Nasarawa State
Okolo said BYI led the climate justice clubs, mainly girls from Government Secondary Schools Ombi 1, Azuba Bashayi, and Shabu, to demand critical ASKs from the Ministry for Youth and Sports Development.
Okolo said BYI led climate justice clubs, mostly girls from three secondary schools – Ombi 1, Azuba Bashayi, and Shabu – to present key demands to the ministry.
He added that over the past four years, BYI, in partnership with EVA and others, had promoted climate justice in Nasarawa, raised awareness, and built the capacity of young women and women with disabilities.
“As part of the programme, we are able to establish a Climate Justice Club in three secondary schools in Nasarawa State, with most the students being girls.
“Our selection is based on the fact that women, young girls, and women with disabilities are disproportionately impacted by climate change.
“We were able to expose the students to what climate change is about, the causes, mitigation, and adaptation, and how they can develop locally led solutions to climate change in their communities.
“I am excited to share with you that these students can now plant trees on their own, create awareness on climate change, and impact knowledge on their fellow students as well as their peers in the community,” he said.
According to him, BYI and partners are keen on amplifying the voices of these women, putting them in the right position where they can demand their rights regarding climate design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of programmes.
“As we know climate change is here with us, and action is all that we need now.
“So, the essence of their visit to this ministry today is to demand critical ‘ASKs toward climate change mitigation and adaptation in Nasarawa State,” he said.
Students from government secondary schools demanded more climate funding, teacher training, adoption of the Understanding Climate Change Handbook, and inclusive expansion of climate justice clubs.
In response, Commissioner for Youth and Sports Development, Mr. Yakubu Kwanta, who pledged the ministry’s commitment to prioritising climate change and women’s issues, promised support toward realising the students’ demands.
Kwanta was represented by the Permanent Secretary in the ministry, Dr Ibrahim-Adamu Alhassan.
“We need to be deliberate and intentional in bringing young women and girls on board, and the only way to do that is to co-sign with them, co-plan with them, co-implement with them, and co-evaluate with them.
“I am very excited listening to these young girls. You must saturate your schools with the right knowledge and skills, then we scale up the club beyond three schools to all the schools in Nasarawa State.
“Thinking climate is thinking about the world, we only have one world we have to protect it so that it can serve us.
“It behoves us that when trees are falling, new ones are planted, we should use earth resources with a sense of responsibility.”
Kwanta said the ministry would craft activities like awareness creation and tree planting and make provisions for other issues raised at the ministry level in the 2026 budget to ensure climate justice in Nasarawa State.
The Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) has declared that climate justice cannot be realised without social and economic justice for workers.
Mr. Joe Ajaero, President of the NLC, stated this at the launch of two publications on climate policies, organised in collaboration with the International Labour Organisation (ILO) on Thursday, August 21, 3035, in Abuja.
Joe Ajaero, NLC President
The publications included “The Nigeria Labour Congress Policy Paper on Nigeria’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) 3.0” and “The Nigerian Workers’ Charter of Demands on Just Transition”.
Ajaero expressed concern that Nigeria’s earlier Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC 1.0 and 2.0) failed to capture workers’ interests.
He said that trade unions, labour standards, and decent work must remain central to NDC 3.0.
According to him, climate change is fundamentally a workplace issue, as it directly threatens jobs and workers’ health.
“Therefore, decent work, fair wages, and social protection must guide Nigeria’s Just Transition framework,” he said.
The NLC president commended both local and international partners for supporting the publications, and urged workers and activists to use them as tools for advocacy.
He, however, cautioned that workers must “organise, not agonise” in the struggle for climate and social justice in Nigeria.
In her remarks, Mrs. Omotenioye Majekodunmi, Director-General of the Nigerian National Council on Climate Change (NCCC), praised the NLC and ILO for their efforts.
Majedkodumi, who was represented by Mrs. Jummai Vandu, a Climate Change Specialist, described the NDC 3.0 as a strategic investment plan aligned with Nigeria’s National Development Plan and global climate targets.
She explained that NDC 3.0 provides clear emission reduction targets, promotes renewable energy, and embeds labour rights, ensuring that social dialogue and worker protection remain central to Nigeria’s climate transition.
Majekodumi reiterated NCCC`s commitment to implement transparent carbon market frameworks, operationalise the Climate Change Fund, and provide social safety nets and retraining programmes to guarantee a just transition for Nigerian workers.
Also speaking, Ms. Inviolata Chinyangarara, ILO Senior Specialist, commended the NLC for producing the advocacy documents.
She noted their importance in integrating workers’ concerns into Nigeria’s climate change response and sustainable development agenda.
Chinyangarara said the publications would enrich national discourse, ensuring workers are protected throughout Nigeria’s transition to a low-carbon economy while promoting decent work, social protection, and equal opportunities.
She stressed the need to prioritise job creation, skills development, and capacity building, particularly for vulnerable groups, so that no worker is left behind in Nigeria’s climate transition.
The specialist pledged the ILO’s continued support through engagement in NDC revisions, Just Transition guidelines, and international knowledge sharing, adding that Nigeria’s example should inspire other African nations.
Mr. Ezekiel Adudu, Director of Special Duties and Projects at the Ministry of Labour and Employment, described the policy paper as a blueprint for an inclusive transition, emphasising that no worker should be excluded.
Adudu reaffirmed the government’s commitment, under the Renewed Hope Agenda, to partner with international bodies in ensuring that climate policies promote sustainable practices and protect workers’ rights across all sectors of the economy.
The Petroleum Technology Association of Nigeria (PETAN) on Wednesday, August 20, 2025, presented an Award of Excellence to the Managing Director of Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Company Ltd (SNEPCo) Ronald Adams, even as it commended Shell for supporting Nigerian content development in the energy industry.
The award, which was handed over by PETAN Chairman, Wole Ogunsanya, during a courtesy call at SNEPCo office, describes the managing director as an “astute and visionary technocrat,” in apparent reference to his efforts to sustain the achievements of SNEPCo in deep-water production since he came into the role in October last year.
L-R: General Manager, Deepwater Oil, Shell Nigeria Exploration and Production Company Limited (SNEPCo) Iyke Nnoaham; SNEPCo’s Managing Director, Ronald Adams; Executive Chairman, Petroleum Technology Association of Nigeria (PETAN), Wole Ogunsanya and PETAN’s Vice Chairman, Obidike Uzu during a courtesy visit to Shell Headquarters at Eko Atlantic in Lagos
Ogunsanya said on Shell’s efforts to grow Nigerian content: “The history of local content in Nigeria is Shell. Apart from the fact that most of the people in the industry are ex-Shell, for some of us that work with the service companies, Shell gave us jobs that enabled us to build capacity. Shell has continued to play this role and PETAN remains ready to continue collaborating with Shell to raise local capacity.”
Adams expressed gratitude for the award, and commended PETAN member companies for contributing to the success of SNEPCo operations at Bonga “from first oil in 2005 to the production of the 1 billionth barrel in 2023.”
He said that investments by IOCs and independent producers in the energy industry would deliver lasting impact when organisations like PETAN leverage their experience and expertise for the overall development of the sector.
PETAN comprises over 100 indigenous technical oilfield service companies, with cumulative annual revenues running into millions of dollars. The organisation celebrated its 30th anniversary last year.
ITREALMS Media has officially joined the PREVENT Waste Alliance, a global network of organisations committed to minimising waste, eliminating pollutants, and maximising the reutilisation of resources in the economy.
Anika Schumann on behalf of the global Secretariat of the PREVENT Waste Alliance based in Bonn, Germany, confirmed ITREALMS Media’s membership via email, stating: “First of all, I would like to officially inform you that your membership has been confirmed by the Steering Committee and that your organisation is a member of the PREVENT Waste Alliance now. Welcome!”
Ogbuefi Remmy Nweke, Lead Consulting Strategist/Group Executive Editor at ITREALMS Media
As a member of the PREVENT Alliance, ITREALMS Media will work closely with the alliance to promote sustainability and reduce waste.
According to Ogbuefi Remmy Nweke, Lead Consulting Strategist/Group Executive Editor at ITREALMS Media, “We believe that our membership in this esteemed alliance will enhance our capacity to address environmental challenges and provide opportunities for collaboration and knowledge sharing with like-minded organisations.”
Nweke further said, “We are excited to join the PREVENT Alliance and work with other members to promote sustainability and reduce waste. We believe that our collective efforts will have a significant impact on the environment and contribute to a more circular economy.”
The PREVENT Alliance focuses on various areas, including plastics, e-waste, organic waste, and circular economy, among others. ITREALMS Media looks forward to engaging with the alliance’s working groups and contributing to the development of innovative solutions to waste management challenges.
ITREALMS Media, through ITREALMS E-Waste Dialogue initiative since 2020, aims to raise awareness about the environmental and health impacts of electronic waste, promote sustainable e-waste management practices, and advocate for policies and regulations that support a circular economy.
With less than 100 days remaining until the opening of the 20th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES CoP20) or World Wildlife Conference, the countdown has officially begun. On Wednesday, August 20, 2025, the host country Uzbekistan unveiled the official slogan for the landmark event: “CITES at 50 in Samarkand: Bridging Nature and People.”
The slogan reflects both a historic milestone – marking the 50th anniversary of the Convention – and the unique role that Samarkand will play as a meeting point of civilisations, cultures, and conservation efforts. Set to take place from November 24 to December 5, 2025, CITES CoP20 is expected to bring together thousands of scientific, legal, enforcement and trade experts representing governments, intergovernmental organisations, non-governmental organisations, private sector entities, youth networks and more from across the globe.
CITES Secretary-General, Ivonne Higuero
The announcement was made in Tashkent by Mr. Aziz Abdukhakimov, Minister of Ecology, Environmental Protection and Climate Change of the Republic of Uzbekistan, who emphasised the deeper meaning behind the chosen phrase.
“This is more than a slogan. It encapsulates our vision for the future – where conservation is not seen as separate from people, but as a shared path forward,” said Mr. Abdukhakimov. “Samarkand, with its centuries-old tradition of connecting East and West, will serve as a fitting venue to celebrate CITES’ 50-year journey and shape its course for the years to come.”
The unveiling comes on the heels of Uzbekistan’s recent launch of the CoP20 logo, which drew global praise for blending natural symbols like the Argali and Rhodiola semenovii with Samarkand’s iconic and historical architecture. Together, the logo and the new slogan place a clear focus on the link between biodiversity and sustainable use – a core principle of the CITES framework.
Ms. Ivonne Higuero, CITES Secretary-General, welcomed the announcement: “As we mark half a century of international collaboration through CITES, this slogan captures the spirit of CITES and the role it plays in bringing 184 countries and the European Union to promote co-existence between people and wildlife interlinking science and policy and conserving these species of animals and plants for future generations.
“It reminds us that effective conservation of wild fauna and flora must be grounded in dialogue, shared purpose, and practical action. We thank Uzbekistan for offering not only a location for our next CoP, but a powerful message to guide it.”
As the 20th World Wildlife Conference, CITES CoP20 is especially significant: beyond commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Convention, it arrives at a time of intensifying pressures on wildlife due to habitat loss, overexploitation, wildlife crime, all exacerbated by the triple planetary crisis of climate change, pollution and biodiversity loss. Decisions taken in Samarkand will influence global wildlife policy for years to come, including potential amendments to species listings and strengthening implementation measures.
Uzbekistan’s hosting of CoP20 also represents a growing recognition of Central Asia’s vital role in global biodiversity conservation. Samarkand, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, offers a backdrop of stunning historical significance and unique wildlife such as the Caspian monitor, the Eurasian scops owl and the Turkestan lynx.
As the world looks toward November, preparations are accelerating. Proposals for amendments to the CITES Appendices have been submitted, the CoP20 agenda is taking shape, and Samarkand is preparing to open its gates to a global community united by a common cause.
For CITES, for Uzbekistan, and for the planet, the road to CoP20 is well underway – with less than 100 days left to a historic gathering that promises to not only bridge nature and people but also strengthen the Convention’s achievement of its Strategic Vision – for a world where all international wildlife trade is legal and sustainable.
The Federal Government on Wednesday, August 20, 2025, in Lagos assured Nigerians that it would make tertiary institutions in the country energy sufficient by 2026 through provision of mini grids.
The Minister of Education, Mr. Tunji Alausa, gave the assurance at the inauguration of a newly constructed Olatunji Bello Auditorium at the Lagos State University (LASU), Epe Campus.
Minister of Education, Mr. Tunji Alausa
The auditorium was provided by Mr. Olatunji Bello, a former Commissioner for Environment in Lagos State, and husband of LASU Vice Chancellor, Prof. Ibiyemi Olatunji-Bello.
Alausa said that provision of the mini grids was a commitment by President Bola Tinubu to students, universities and other tertiary institutions.
“By this time next year, literally all tertiary institutions in the country will have mini-grids that will make them energy sufficient.
“With energy sufficiency, we would unleash the capabilities of our youths in the area of research, technology and everything they do.
“Join me in thanking President Tinubu for his commitment to education development,” he said.
Alausa said that a five-megawatt mini-grid had already been approved for LASU’s Epe Campus.
He added that the Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund) would donate 11MW mini grid for the main campus of LASU at Ojo.
The minister praised Olatunji Bello for building the 550-seat ultra-modern auditorium, saying that it was a testament to how committed Nigerian could be in shaping institutions and inspiring generations.
Lagos State Gov., Babajide Sanwo-Olu, who inaugurated the auditorium, praised Bello for fulfilling his promise to invest in education.
“This edifice is more than a building; it is a beacon of knowledge, creativity, cultural exchange and intellectual engagement,” Sanwo-Olu said.
Sanwo-Olu said that, in the next 60 days, his administration would inaugurate the largest university library in Nigeria at the Ojo Campus of LASU.
He said that the library would be inaugurated alongside other facilities.
“We remain resolute in our commitment to strengthening LASU’s place as Nigeria’s foremost state university.
“With projects such as these, our vision of a globally-competitive institution is within reach,” he added.
In his goodwill message, a former Ogun State Governor, Chief Olusegun Osoba, described Bello’s action as a demonstration of gratitude and selflessness.
According to him, many Nigerians spend hundreds of millions of Naira on parties for milestone birthdays, but Bello decided to channel resources into a project that will benefit the education sector and the general society.
Osoba described Bello as a man of honour who had remained committed to services to humanity and education development.
In his address, Bello said that the gesture was his way of investing in posterity.
“The government alone cannot do it. Private individuals who have the means should invest in public tertiary education to create more opportunities.
“When God gives you a vision, God will also provide the means in miraculous ways.
“God’s miracle, sometimes, comes by having some brilliant ideas suddenly deposited in your mind,” he said.
He noted that construction of the auditorium began in 2021 with the support of his friends, who converted their intended birthday gifts into cash donations for the purpose.
Bello said that he remained committed to providing the facility and even sold his property to ensure its completion.
Bello urged LASU students to make maximum use of the facility.
Earlier, the Vice-Chancellor of LASU, Prof. Ibiyemi Olatunji-Bello, said that the facility represented more than architectural beauty.
“It is a strategic investment in academic excellence and institutional identity.
“It reinforces the fundamental truth that when we invest in education, we invest in tomorrow’s leaders.
“Bello has, through word and deed, inscribed his name in the permanent record of LASU’s growth story.
“This is making infrastructure available and accessible for seamless academic and administrative operations,” she said.
She said that her administration had made strategic investments in expanding and upgrading facilities at the Epe campus of LASU.
“This includes construction of Iraye Gate House, completion of the first phase comprehensive fencing and proper demarcation between the campus and the adjoining Nigerian Army Barracks.”
She thanked her husband for providing the auditorium, giving that assurance that the facility would be optimally utilised, meticulously maintained and deeply cherished.
Leading medical and environmental experts have urged the adoption of clean cooking energy to tackle household air pollution and protect public health.
The call was made at a stakeholders’ forum on clean fuel and cookstove implementation on Wednesday, August 20, 2025, in Lagos.
Participants at the stakeholders’ forum on clean fuel and cookstove implementation in Lagos
The initiative is funded by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH), in partnership with New York University, LASUTH, and LASUCOM.
The Lagos State Environmental Protection Agency (LASEPA) also serves as a partner in the project.
Delivering a goodwill message, Prof. Akin Abayomi, Lagos Commissioner for Health, commended the collaboration and described clean cooking as a pressing public health necessity.
Represented by Dr Kemi Ogunyemi, Special Adviser to the Governor on Health, Abayomi stressed that the gathering was focused on implementing practical clean energy solutions.
He noted that household air pollution causes millions of premature deaths annually, disproportionately affecting women and children in vulnerable communities.
Abayomi added that clean cooking reduces maternal risks, childhood pneumonia, and long-term illnesses such as hypertension and dementia.
He also highlighted additional benefits, including reduced deforestation, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and household economic savings.
He emphasised the need for affordable, culturally acceptable clean fuels, while encouraging local industries to drive sustainable adoption.
Prof. Ololade Wright of LASUCOM and LASUTH noted that millions of Nigerians still depended on harmful fuels such as firewood, charcoal, sawdust, dung, and kerosene.
She warned that these fuels release fumes damaging the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, raising risks of hypertension, stroke, and pneumonia, especially for women and children.
Wright called for government action to increase awareness and expand access to alternatives such as bioethanol stoves, LPG, and renewable cooking technologies.
She said the Clean Fuel, Clean Cookstove Project aims to drive large-scale transition from polluting fuels to sustainable, affordable clean options for households.
“Clean cooking is a pathway to healthier families, cleaner air, and climate resilience, and Nigeria cannot afford delay,” Wright stressed.
Prof. Gbenga Ogedegbe of New York University added that household air pollution is linked not only to respiratory disease but also to hypertension, dementia, and impaired child cognition.
He noted that the health burden is higher in low-resource countries like Nigeria, underscoring the urgency of the project.
Dr Tunde Ajayi, LASEPA’s General Manager, emphasised environmental benefits, stating that clean cooking improves household environments, reduces climate impacts, and enhances Lagos air quality.
He said monitoring shows that cutting emissions from cooking, traffic, and generators directly improves the air people breathe.
Ajayi added that the project supports both cleaner energy and local innovations in air quality monitoring.
The experts urged governments at all levels to expand awareness, ensure fuel accessibility, and strengthen policies for widespread adoption of clean cooking.
The aim remains to reduce household air pollution and its severe health and environmental consequences.
